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N China's Inner Mongolia launches homegrown ‘Breeding No.2’ gene chip for quality dairy cattle breeding_我的网站

一 | 记者从自然资源部国家海洋环境预报中心获悉，今年赤道中东太平洋厄尔尼诺事件或将冲击历史观测纪录。

Cattle Photo: VCG
North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has launched a genomic breeding tool for dairy cattle, also known as a gene chip, enabling precise screening for key traits such as high milk yield, high fertility, disease resistance and longevity, and marking a fresh breakthrough in China's dairy cattle breeding technology, the Inner Mongolia Daily reported on Saturday.
As an iteration of the previous generation dairy cattle breeding array, which holds proprietary intellectual property rights, the new-generation "Breeding No.2" breeding array was led by the National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy and developed by Youran Dairy Saikexing, with upgrades in loci coverage, compatibility and gene-trait prediction algorithms.
The "Breeding No.2" breeding array covers about 50,000 loci across the dairy cattle genome, with a focus on functional loci tied to milk production, reproduction, disease resistance and length of productive life. It has achieved a sample call rate of 99.65 percent and a genotyping concordance rate of 99.91 percent for duplicate samples, and is compatible with mainstream international chips, allowing historical breeding data to be shared and reused.
Drawing on a phenotype database and genome resequencing data to optimize a proprietary algorithm, advancing breeding evaluation from qualitative screening to quantitative assessment, bringing the accuracy of breeding stock selection up to advanced international levels, according to the report.
The breeding array enables more precise genomic selection of calves at an early stage, substantially shortening the generation interval in breeding bull selection and cutting spending on raising low-performing replacement heifers. Compared with imported high-density chips, the "Breeding No.2" chip carries a lower per-sample testing cost and delivers stronger input-output returns, making it highly suited to large-scale dairy cattle breeding operations in China, the report said.
Global Times
。受此气候背景影响，我国沿海正持续面临台风、巨浪、风暴潮交织的复合型海洋灾害考验。　　今年5月，赤道中东太平洋进入厄尔尼诺状态，并且维持快速发展态势。截至目前，本次事件同期增暖程度，已经超过1982—1983、1997—1998和2015—2016年几次历史超强厄尔尼诺事件。模型预测结果持续上调，预计本次厄尔尼诺事件将在今年秋季末期至冬季达到峰值，或将成为有历史观测记录以来最强的一次厄尔尼诺事件。　　国家海洋环境预报中心高级工程师谭晶：一般影响我们国家的是在西北太平洋和南海生成的台风，今年受厄尔尼诺的影响，西北太平洋台风的生成源地要偏东一些，强台风生成的概率会增大，生成位置偏东就意味着台风在海上的时间更长，有更多的时间和空间来吸收热量和水汽，然后蓄积能量，这样就造成它最终登陆的时候可能强度更强，对我国近海造成的危害也更大。　　强台风登陆，往往伴随大风、狂涛巨浪以及风暴潮，大幅增加沿海防御压力。海洋预报部门监测显示，今年海浪灾害预警呈现出明显的异常特征。　　国家海洋环境预报中心海浪预报室副主任高志一：今年我们的海浪警报有三个特点，第一，受台风过程的生命史变长的影响，警报周期也变长了。第二，红色警报的台风预警次数，较常年平均值多1~2次。第三，在近岸最大有效波高，较历史极值有略微的增长。　　极端海况频发，对沿海海洋牧场、港口码头、滨海堤防、海上作业平台都带来考验。更长的警报周期、更强的近岸浪高意味着防灾窗口期拉长，海上养殖、航运生产需要更早避险、提前转移物资设施。

二 | （央视新闻客户端）【编辑:李岩】。

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